KALIGRAFI ARAB SEBAGAI MEDIA PENGUATAN MAHĀRAH AL-KITĀBAH:REKONSTRUKSI FUNGSI KHAT NASKHI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN GRAFOMOTOR DAN ORTOGRAFIS BAHASA ARAB

Abstrak

Arabic writing proficiency (mahārah al-kitābah) requires not only linguistic competence in vocabulary, grammar, and written expression but also mastery of transcription skills involving letter formation, letter connectivity, spatial organization, legibility, and visual-motor coordination. However, Arabic writing instruction often gives greater attention to linguistic composition while the mechanical, orthographic, and graphomotor dimensions receive relatively limited pedagogical attention. This study examines the pedagogical potential of Naskh script (khaṭṭ al-naskh) as a medium for strengthening these foundational dimensions of Arabic writing. Employing a qualitative integrative literature review, the study synthesizes research on Arabic calligraphy instruction, Arabic handwriting, orthographic complexity, Naskh script, and graphomotor development. The findings indicate that Naskh-based instruction can potentially strengthen five interrelated components of writing: accurate letter formation, letter connectivity, proportional and spatial consistency, visual-orthographic discrimination, and graphomotor control. The study proposes a conceptual mechanism consisting of visual observation, guided imitation, structured tracing, repetitive motor practice, orthographic reinforcement, and gradual application to words, sentences, dictation, and independent writing. Accordingly, Naskh should not be positioned merely as an aesthetic calligraphic tradition but as a pedagogical instrument connecting visual perception, motor execution, orthographic knowledge, and Arabic writing proficiency.